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37.(15分)(1)异养需氧型(2分)为青霉菌提供能源(1分)参与青霉菌细胞的物质构成(1分)参与构成青霉素等代谢产物(1分)(2)防止外来杂菌的入侵(2分)酒精灯火焰旁(2分)避免周围环境中微生物落人培养基（或“避免周围环境中微生物的污染”，2分)(3)稀释涂布平板(2分)3(2分)【解析】(1)由于青霉菌生于非密闭环境和有机质表面，因此其代谢类型为异养需氧型。培养基中的碳源可为青霉菌提供能源、参与青霉菌细胞的物质构成、参与构成青霉素等代谢产物。(2)获得高纯度青霉素的关键是防止外来杂菌的入侵，因此，进行接种操作时必须在酒精灯火焰旁进行，目的是避免周围环境中微生物落入培养基。(3)为使细菌布满固体培养基表面，需用稀释涂布平板法进行接种，抑菌圈3最大，说明其对应的青霉菌所产的青霉素杀菌效果最佳。

应用文写作achievement expo of china aerospacetoday's trip to the city museum is really a memorable experience and this will be engraved inmy mind forever.all senior 3 students visited an exhibitionthemed on "achievements of chinaaerospace".first,we attended informative lectures and watched extremely exciting videos aboutlaunching rockets,which allowed us to get deeper insights into china aerospace.then came thehighlight,experiencing thrilling and funny spacewalks in almost zero gravity.amazed by the outstanding achievements and touched by the spirit of china aerospace experts,i'll apply myself to study so that i can make contributions to our country like them one day.